Glossary / Financial

Gross Margin

Gross margin is the percentage of revenue remaining after subtracting the cost of goods sold. It shows how much money is left to cover operating expenses, marketing, and profit.

Definition

Gross margin is the percentage of revenue remaining after subtracting the cost of goods sold. It shows how much money is left to cover operating expenses, marketing, and profit.

Formula: Gross Margin = (Revenue − COGS) ÷ Revenue × 100

Understanding Gross Margin

Gross margin sits between revenue and net profit on your income statement. It strips out direct product costs but leaves in everything else like ad spend, software subscriptions, and wages. A high gross margin gives you more room to invest in growth. A low gross margin means even small increases in overheads could push you into the red. It is the most commonly compared metric across ecommerce niches.

Gross Margin Formula

Gross Margin = (Revenue − COGS) ÷ Revenue × 100

Worked Example

Example

Your store generates £20,000 in revenue this month, and your total COGS is £8,000. Your gross margin is (£20,000 − £8,000) ÷ £20,000 × 100 = 60%. This means 60p of every pound goes towards covering overheads and profit.

Why Gross Margin Matters for Ecommerce

Gross margin tells you whether your pricing and sourcing strategy is viable before other costs come into play. If your gross margin is too thin, no amount of operational efficiency will make the business profitable.

Common Mistakes

01

Treating gross margin as profit — it does not account for marketing, rent, or salaries

02

Comparing gross margins across different niches without context

03

Forgetting to update COGS when supplier prices change, which silently erodes gross margin

How StoreLyst Helps with Gross Margin

StoreLyst tracks gross margin at the product, collection, and store level in real time. When your supplier costs change, update them once and all your margin calculations adjust instantly.

Learn more about P&L Reporting →

Frequently asked questions about Gross Margin

What is the difference between gross margin and profit margin?

Gross margin only subtracts COGS from revenue, while profit margin (net margin) subtracts all costs including marketing, operations, and taxes. Gross margin is always higher than net margin because it excludes more expenses.

What gross margin should I aim for in ecommerce?

Most successful ecommerce brands target 40–70% gross margin. Fashion and beauty tend to be at the higher end, while electronics and commoditised products sit lower. Below 30% makes it very difficult to run profitably after ads and overheads.

Can gross margin be negative?

Yes. If your COGS exceeds your revenue, your gross margin is negative, meaning you lose money on every sale before any other expenses. This sometimes happens with aggressive discounting or when supplier costs spike unexpectedly.

How do returns affect gross margin?

Returns reduce your effective revenue while the COGS may already be incurred, which lowers gross margin. If the returned item cannot be resold, the COGS is a total loss. Tracking return rates by product helps identify gross margin leaks.

Track Gross Margin automatically with StoreLyst

Stop calculating in spreadsheets. Get real-time gross margin tracking for your Shopify store.