Glossary / Metrics

Customer Lifetime Value (LTV)

Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) is the total revenue a customer is expected to generate over their entire relationship with your store. It accounts for repeat purchases and customer retention over time.

Definition

Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) is the total revenue a customer is expected to generate over their entire relationship with your store. It accounts for repeat purchases and customer retention over time.

Formula: LTV = Average Order Value × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifespan

Understanding LTV

LTV shifts your thinking from individual transactions to long-term customer relationships. A customer who buys once for £50 is worth far less than one who buys three times a year for five years. Knowing your LTV tells you the maximum you can spend to acquire a customer while remaining profitable. Stores with high LTV can outbid competitors on ads because they know each customer will pay back the acquisition cost many times over.

LTV Formula

LTV = Average Order Value × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifespan

Worked Example

Example

Your average customer spends £45 per order, buys 3 times per year, and remains active for 2.5 years. Your LTV is £45 × 3 × 2.5 = £337.50. This means you could theoretically spend up to £337 to acquire this customer and still break even.

Why LTV Matters for Ecommerce

LTV is the foundation of sustainable growth. If you only look at first-order profitability, you will underinvest in acquisition and lose to competitors who understand long-term customer value. The LTV-to-CAC ratio is one of the most important metrics in ecommerce.

Common Mistakes

01

Calculating LTV based on optimistic retention assumptions instead of actual data

02

Ignoring that different customer segments have vastly different LTVs

03

Using revenue-based LTV instead of profit-based LTV, which overstates true customer value

How StoreLyst Helps with LTV

StoreLyst calculates LTV using your actual customer purchase data, showing you real repeat purchase rates and customer lifespans. You can segment LTV by acquisition channel to see which sources bring the most valuable customers.

Frequently asked questions about LTV

What is a good LTV-to-CAC ratio?

A 3:1 LTV-to-CAC ratio is generally considered healthy, meaning each customer generates three times what it cost to acquire them. Below 1:1 means you are losing money on every customer. Above 5:1 may indicate you are underinvesting in growth.

How do I increase LTV?

Focus on repeat purchases through email marketing, loyalty programmes, and excellent post-purchase experience. Increase AOV through upsells and bundling. Extend customer lifespan by building brand loyalty and solving replenishment needs.

Should I use revenue or profit to calculate LTV?

Profit-based LTV is more accurate because it reflects the actual value a customer brings after costs. Revenue-based LTV is simpler to calculate but can mislead you into overspending on acquisition. Use profit-based LTV when making CAC decisions.

How much data do I need to calculate LTV?

You need at least 6–12 months of order data to estimate purchase frequency and retention reliably. New stores can start with industry benchmarks and refine as data accumulates. The more historical data you have, the more accurate your LTV calculation.

Track LTV automatically with StoreLyst

Stop calculating in spreadsheets. Get real-time ltv tracking for your Shopify store.